R. Brent Tully is an astronomer at the Institute for Astronomy in Honolulu, Hawaii. His specialty is the astrophysics of galaxies. He, along with J. Richard Fisher, proposed the now-famous Tully-Fisher relation in a paper, A New Method of Determining Distances to Galaxies, published in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 54, No. 3, in February, 1977.

Born in New Mexico, Carolyn Shoemaker was one of the world's foremost Solar System astronomers. She was a Guest Observer at Palomar Observatory for 12 years, and was Research Professor of Astronomy at Northern Arizona University and a staff member at Lowell Observatory. For 14 years, Carolyn worked with her late husband, Eugene, on the Palomar Asteroid and Comet Survey, a project of rare vision, of uncommon dedication, and of profound significance regarding the long-term future of life on this planet.

Dr. Sheehan is a practicing psychiatrist, amateur astronomer, experienced Mars observer, a contributing editor to Sky & Telescope, historian of astronomy, and first-rate author. His books include, "Planets & Perception" (1988), "Worlds in the Sky" (1992), the first biography of one of the greatest observers of all time, "The Immortal Fire Within: The Life and Work of Edward Emerson Barnard" (1995), "The Planet Mars" (1996), "In Search of Planet Vulcan" (with Richard Baum, 1997), "Epic Moon" (with T.A. Dobbins, 2001), "Mars" (with S.J.

Born in Iowa, Dr. Sandage was Staff Astronomer Emeritus with the Observatories of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, and a senior research scientist at the Space Telescope Science Institute. His research involved stellar evolution, galaxies, the extragalactic distance scale, the value of the Hubble Constant, the deceleration parameter, and the age of the Universe. Early in his career, he joined the Hale Observatories, initially as an assistant to Edwin Hubble.

Leif Robinson was Editor Emeritus of Sky & Telescope. He joined the magazine in 1962 and served as its Editor from 1980 until his retirement in 2000. Not only has Robinson made a major contribution to the dissemination of astronomical knowledge through nearly four decades at Sky & Telescope, but he remains active in matters astronomical and continues to write for that magazine.

Dr. Phillip James ("Jim") Edwin Peebles is a native of Winnipeg and a graduate of the University of Manitoba (B.Sc. in physics, 1958). He received his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1962, and currently is a professor of physics at Princeton. In the mid-1960s, he and his colleagues predicted that thermal electromagnetic radiation from the very early Universe should be detectable by radio telescopes, that this radiation should be isotropic, and that it should have the spectrum of a black body only a few degrees above absolute zero.

Dr. Pasachoff was the Field Memorial Professor of Astronomy and Director of Hopkins Observatory at Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts, U.S.A. His research involves planetary atmospheres, the interstellar medium, and solar physics. He observed many total solar eclipses while pursuing studies of the solar chromosphere and corona. Dr. Pasachoff has an international reputation for his contributions to education in astronomy.

Born in England in 1923, Patrick Alfred Caldwell-Moore has been England's pre-eminent popularizer of astronomy for the past half century, and he continues to be an ambassador for astronomy. He was elected a member of the British Astronomical Association while he was still a school-boy, and became its president 50 years later. During World War II, he served with the Royal Air Force. He established his private observatory at Selsey, in Sussex, U.K., where he specializes in observations of the Moon and planets.